Ruisdael Observatory Data Catalog - User contributions [en]

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-05-04T15:00:50Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter (long-path) measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth (800m) and a long path (10km) instrumentation.The sampling frequency is 1000Hz.

WUR has processed scintillimeter raw scintillation data. The processed data include latent and heat fluxes at 30-minute interval.In addition to the turbulent flux values, the dataset contains: 1) the scintillation statistics and raw data quality flags; 2) variance data and structure parameters data, 3) ancillary data including essential meteorological data.

The data processing workflow is as follows. The raw scintillometer data were physically constrained and cleaned of spikes using an IQR-based despiking method. The resulting quality flags were kept to assist in data quality evaluation. Subsequently, a moving window was used as a high-frequency filter to separate the scintillation signal from atmospheric absorption processes. The index and the variance of index were calculated. Then the refractive index structure parameters were calculated using the WUR developed hybrid method, which is based on the Ludi et al., (2005) method combined with the Hill et al. (1980) method. The Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) was then used to convert structure parameter data into turbulent fluxes.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|servedBy=YODA
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Cabauw, scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
We are working on making the processed H and LE data available. The data can be requested upon Oscar Hartogensis (oscar.hartogensis@wur.nl).

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-05-04T14:41:45Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter (long-path) measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth (800m) and a long path (10km) instrumentation.The sampling frequency is 1000Hz.

WUR has processed scintillimeter raw scintillation data. The processed data include latent and heat fluxes at 30-minute interval.In addition to the turbulent flux values, the dataset contains: 1) the scintillation statistics and raw data quality flags; 2) variance data and structure parameters data, 3) ancillary data including essential meteorological data.

The data processing workflow is as follows. The raw scintillometer data were physically constrained and cleaned of spikes using an IQR-based despiking method. The resulting quality flags were kept to assist in data quality evaluation. Subsequently, a moving window was used as a high-frequency filter to separate the scintillation signal from atmospheric absorption processes. The index and the variance of index were calculated. Then the refractive index structure parameters were calculated using the WUR developed hybrid method, which is based on the Ludi et al., (2005) method combined with the Hill et al. (1980) method. The Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) was then used to convert structure parameter data into turbulent fluxes.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Cabauw, scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
We are working on making the processed H and LE data available. The data can be requested upon Oscar Hartogensis (oscar.hartogensis@wur.nl).

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-05-04T13:59:45Z

Hong Zhao:

WUR CarbonTracker Europe CTE2024 fluxes

2026-04-30T14:39:55Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=CarbonTracker Europe CTE2024 fluxes
|description=This collection contains monthly and annual mean fluxes between 2001-2023 for the various components of the CarbonTracker Europe data assimilation system, for the inversions performed for the GCB2024.

Prior biosphere fluxes are calculated using the SiB4 model (Haynes et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001540). Prior ocean fluxes are taken from Jena Carboscope v2023 (Roedenbeck et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-193-2013). Imposed fire fluxes are taken from GFAS (di Giuseppe et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5359-2018). Imposed fossil fuel fluxes are taken from GridFED v2024.0 (Jones et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00779-6).

Please cite the paper of Friedlingstein et al., (2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-519) for the fluxes used. Please cite the paper of van der Laan-Luijkx et al., (2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017) for the data assimilation system used.
|type=Model Data
|dataLevel=Level 3
|format=netCDF
|servedBy=ICOS Data Portal
|landingPage=https://meta.icos-cp.eu/collections/z1JKcm6FOJ1tZBa-edspVz-b
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017; https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-519
|contactPoint=Ingrid Luijkx
|creator=Ingrid Luijkx
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=CTE2024 fluxes, CarbonTracker, Europe, Inversions, annually mean flux, data assimilation system, monthly mean flux
|atLocation=Europe
|startDate=2001-07-01
|endDate=2023-07-01
}}
This work is partly supported by Ruisdael funding.

WUR near-real-time CO2 fluxes from CarbonTracker CTE-HR system

2026-04-30T14:39:22Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=Near-real-time CO2 fluxes from CarbonTracker Europe for high-resolution atmospheric modeling
|description=Carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange over Europe at high resolution (0.1 × 0.2∘) and in near real time (about 2 months' latency) was estimated with the CarbonTracker Europe High-Resolution (CTE-HR) system. The modelled CTE-HR CO2 fluxes matched mole fraction observations at Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) sites across Europe after atmospheric transport with the Transport Model, version 5 (TM5) and the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT), driven by ECMWF-IFS, and captured the magnitude and variability of measured CO2 fluxes in the city center of Amsterdam (the Netherlands). Details of this dataset is described in detail in: van der Woude et al., Near-real-time CO2 fluxes from CarbonTracker Europe for high-resolution atmospheric modeling, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15,, 579–605, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-579-2023, 2023.
|type=Model Data
|dataLevel=Level 3
|format=netCDF
|servedBy=ICOS Data Portal
|landingPage=https://meta.icos-cp.eu/collections/eYon6MHJzqm6Pdo7HEupIaxt
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.18160/20Z1-AYJ2
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Auke van der Woude
|creator=Auke van der Woude
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=CarbonTracker, Europe, High-resolution, Near-real-time CO2 fluxes
|atLocation=Europe
|startDate=2016-12-31
|endDate=2024-09-28
}}
The observations of the Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite is involved in the Ruisdael observatory, which has been financially supported by the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions (AMS Institute) under project VIR16002.

WUR scintillometer measurements (short-path) at Cabauw site and Amsterdam site

2026-04-30T14:28:12Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR scintillometer measurements (short-path) at Cabauw site and Amsterdam site to WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

#REDIRECT [[WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site]]

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:28:12Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR scintillometer measurements (short-path) at Cabauw site and Amsterdam site to WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:26:13Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR-KNMI scintillometer measurements (long-path) at Cabauw site to WUR scintillometer measurements (short-path) at Cabauw site and Amsterdam site: This page is for short-path scintillometer at Cabauw and Amsterdam site that are managed by WUR.

WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:24:34Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site to WUR-KNMI scintillometer measurements (long-path) at Cabauw site: This page is for long-path scintillometer

#REDIRECT [[WUR-KNMI scintillometer measurements (long-path) at Cabauw site]]

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:24:34Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site to WUR-KNMI scintillometer measurements (long-path) at Cabauw site: This page is for long-path scintillometer

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:22:02Z

Hong Zhao:

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:20:04Z

Hong Zhao:

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:16:21Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth and a long path instrumentation.

WUR has processed scintillimeter raw scintillation data. The processed data include latent and heat fluxes along with meteorological data and data quality flags.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Cabauw, scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
We are working on making the processed H and LE data available. The data can be requested upon Oscar Hartogensis (oscar.hartogensis@wur.nl).

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:12:54Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth and a long path instrumentation.

WUR has processed scintillimeter raw scintillation data. The available data are latent and heat fluxes along with meteorological data and data quality flags.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Cabauw, scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
We are working on making the processed H and LE data available. The data can be requested upon Oscar Hartogensis (oscar.hartogensis@wur.nl).

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:10:55Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth and a long path instrumentation.

WUR has processed scintillimeter raw data. The available data are latent and heat fluxes along with meteorological data and data quality flags.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes, Cabauw
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
We are working on making the processed H and LE data available. The data can be requested upon Oscar Hartogensis (oscar.hartogensis@wur.nl).

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2026-04-30T14:10:35Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth and a long path instrumentation.

WUR has processed scintillimeter raw data. The available data are latent and heat fluxes along with meteorological data and data quality flags.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
We are working on making the processed H and LE data available. The data can be requested upon Oscar Hartogensis (oscar.hartogensis@wur.nl).

WUR Veenkampen meteorological and air quality observations

2026-04-30T14:02:52Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Veenkampen meteorological and air quality observations
|description=Operationally, we measure meteorology, evaporation, CO2 exchange, soil variables and black carbon concentrations. Experimentally, we measure air quality concentrations and fluxes of NOx and NH3. The data documentation such as stream names, units and instrument type of the Veenkampen can be found in the Excelsheet at the website of https://maq-observations.nl/.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=CSV
|servedBy=WUR Dataportal
|landingPage=https://maq-observations.nl/
|identifier=https://maq-observations.nl/
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Bert Heusinkveld
|creator=Bert Heusinkveld
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Air Quality, Meteorology, Veenkampen, grassland, near-real time obervations, NOx, NH3
|atLocation=Veenkampen
|hasGeographicCoordinates=51.981167N, 5.620446E
|startDate=2011-06-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
The Veenkampen site is located in the ‘Binnenveld’ area between Wageningen and Veenendaal. It’s grass on clay and peat is typical for the area. Its surroundings were converted from farmland into a wetland habitat since 2020. The Veenkampen site is a continuation of the former ‘Haarweg’ and ‘Duivendaal’ sites, which were reallocated because of city expansion. Together they are home to the world’s longest record of global radiation and others.

The Veenkampen site is both an operational and experimental site. The focus is on how CO2 and water exchange change with climate and particularly in extremes (droughts, heat waves). With respect to air quality, the site is a background location, without close traffic and industrial sources.

The site is operated by MAQ at Wageningen University. It is regularly used by other partners too (e.g. other WUR groups, RIVM).

Data from the original Haarweg station (1974 – 2012) is not available in the database and is available upon request via observations.maq@wur.nl.

Contact information: observations.maq@wur.nl

WUR Veenkampen meteorological and air quality observations

2026-04-30T14:02:17Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Veenkampen meteorological and air quality observations
|description=Operationally, we measure meteorology, evaporation, CO2 exchange, soil variables and black carbon concentrations. Experimentally, we measure air quality concentrations and fluxes of NOx and NH3. The data documentation such as stream names, units and instrument type of the Veenkampen can be found in the Excelsheet at the website of https://maq-observations.nl/.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=CSV
|servedBy=WUR Dataportal
|landingPage=https://maq-observations.nl/
|identifier=https://maq-observations.nl/
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Bert Heusinkveld
|creator=Bert Heusinkveld
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Meteorology, Air Quality, near-real time obervations, Veenkampen, grassland
|atLocation=Veenkampen
|hasGeographicCoordinates=51.981167N, 5.620446E
|startDate=2011-06-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
The Veenkampen site is located in the ‘Binnenveld’ area between Wageningen and Veenendaal. It’s grass on clay and peat is typical for the area. Its surroundings were converted from farmland into a wetland habitat since 2020. The Veenkampen site is a continuation of the former ‘Haarweg’ and ‘Duivendaal’ sites, which were reallocated because of city expansion. Together they are home to the world’s longest record of global radiation and others.

The Veenkampen site is both an operational and experimental site. The focus is on how CO2 and water exchange change with climate and particularly in extremes (droughts, heat waves). With respect to air quality, the site is a background location, without close traffic and industrial sources.

The site is operated by MAQ at Wageningen University. It is regularly used by other partners too (e.g. other WUR groups, RIVM).

Data from the original Haarweg station (1974 – 2012) is not available in the database and is available upon request via observations.maq@wur.nl.

Contact information: observations.maq@wur.nl

WUR Loobos meteorological and air quality observations

2026-04-30T14:00:58Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Loobos meteorological and air quality observations
|description=A 36 m tall tower is built at the site in 2021, hosting eddy covariance instruments (CO2, heat, evaporation, Volatile Organic Compounds), radiation instruments, profiles of temperature, water vapour, CO2, wind speed. Soil temperature, moisture and heat flux and water table depth measurements are collected around the tower. The data documentation such as stream names, units and instrument type of the Veenkampen can be found in the Excelsheet at the website of https://maq-observations.nl/.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=ICOS Data Portal, WUR Dataportal
|landingPage=https://maq-observations.nl/
|identifier=https://maq-observations.nl/
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen
|creator=Michiel van der Molen
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Air Quality, Loobos, Meteorology, near-real time obervations, temperate forest
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.166581N, 5.743556E
|startDate=1995-01-04
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
Loobos is located in a Pine forest the Veluwe natural park, one of the largest European natural areas. Pine are the dominant species in the Veluwe. Hence Loobos is representative for a much larger acreage. The site was first established in 1995 and was home to one of the 3 first ecosystem flux sites globally. In 2021 a new tower was built and equipped.

The research at Loobos aims at understanding the role of the ecosystem in the carbon and water cycle. As the forest, planted in the 1910’s, grows, it takes up CO2 from the atmosphere. This is an important feedback to climate change. But the amount of uptake depends on availability of water, temperature, radiation and air quality. Hence it is a very dynamic system, which we try to understand and predict.

The research is done by MAQ at Wageningen University with Utrecht and Delft University as partners via the Ruisdael Observatory. Forest research is done by other groups in Wageningen as well, e.g. the GIS and Remote Sensing group collects LIDAR measurements of ecosystem geometry. We welcome other experimental groups and campaigns.

Data from the Loobos first tower site (1995 – 2021) is available at https://zenodo.org/records/15721310.

Contact information: observations.maq@wur.nl

WUR Amsterdam urban meteorological and flux observations

2026-04-30T13:59:04Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Amsterdam urban meteorological and flux observations
|description=The Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite (AAMS) contains an eddy covariance flux tower measuring turbulent fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat (evapotranspiration), CO2 and methane, and contains a scintillometer as well. Moreover, we measure up- and downwelling components of the solar and thermal radiation. The data documentation such as stream names, units and instrument type of the Veenkampen can be found in the Excelsheet at the website of https://maq-observations.nl/.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=WUR Dataportal
|landingPage=https://maq-observations.nl/
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104984
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Bert Heusinkveld
|creator=Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Bert Heusinkveld
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Amsterdam, WUR, near-real time obervations, urban flux observations, urban meteorological observations
|atLocation=Amsterdam
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.3665N, 4.8929E
|startDate=2020-10-13
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
Amsterdam, as the capital of the Netherlands, is a hotspot of population density, industrialization, culture and innovation. The city contains a mix of quarters, ranging from historical to young, high-rise to extensive, build up to green in which people live, work and leisure.

In Amsterdam we study the urban climate and how people experience it. The city is often warmer (the urban heat island effect) and winds around buildings can be gusty. Vegetation, green roofs and street design affect the city’s climate.

The Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite (AAMS) is run by MAQ at Wageningen University in collaboration with the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions, the Municipality of Amsterdam, and the I-Change project.

Contact information: observations.maq@wur.nl

WUR Ozone concentration and fluxes (2025) at Loobos (NL-Loo)

2026-04-30T13:57:07Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Ozone concentration and fluxes (2025) at Loobos (NL-Loo)
|description=Since March 2025 ozone concentration and flux observations have been collected at Loobos, NL (52.166446 degN, 5.743575 degE). A fast Eddy-Correlation system measuring at 20 Hz has been installed at the top of the tower (38m), well above the forest canopy. Simultaneously, a slow Thermo Model 49C O3 Analyzer has been installed to measure ozone concentrations at a 1-minute interval. Both instruments are cross-calibrated.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 2
|format=csv
|servedBy=YODA
|landingPage=https://publication.yoda.wur.nl/full/WUR01/6UGU9F.html
|identifier=doi.org/10.17887/WUR01-6UGU9F
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen, Sjoerd Barten
|creator=Michiel van der Molen, Sjoerd Barten
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Air Quality, Concentrations, Ecosystem, Fluxes, Forest, Loobos, Ozone
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.166446 N, 5.743575 E
|hasElevation=38m
|startDate=2025-03-01
|endDate=2025-12-31
}}
Since March 2025 ozone concentration and flux observations have been collected at Loobos, NL (52.166446 degN, 5.743575 degE). A fast Eddy-Correlation system measuring at 20 Hz has been installed at the top of the tower (38m), well above the forest canopy. Simultaneously, a slow Thermo Model 49C O3 Analyzer has been installed to measure ozone concentrations at a 1-minute interval. Both instruments are cross-calibrated.

Dataset underlying the publications:

Zhao, H., Dolman, H., Elbers, J., Jans, W., Kruijt, B., Moors, E., Snellen, H., Vila-Guerau de Arellano, J., Peters, W., Krol, M. C., Hutjes, R., and van der Molen, M.: The Loobos ecosystem first tower dataset: meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange (1996 to 2021), Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 2023–2045, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2023-2026, 2026.

van der Molen, M. K., Snellen, H., Holzinger, R., Barten, J. G. M., Zhao, H., Ganzeveld, L., Fry, J., Peters, W., Krol, M., Vila-Guerau de Arrelano, J., and Kruijt, B.: The ICOS Ecosystem Station Loobos: a pine forest site exposed to atmospheric pollution, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-99, in review, 2026.

The file & folder structure is as follows:

Year

___ Month

______ NL-Loo_O3_yyyymmdd_F65.csv

______ NL-Loo_O3_yyyymmdd_L06_F62.csv

______ NL-Loo_O3_yyyymmdd_F63.csv

F65: 5-minute concentration data to perform the calibration

L06_F62: 30-minute ozone fluxes, without application of the calibration, the flux is given in m s-1

F63: Calibration of Fast Ozone Sensor (30 minute time base)

Contact information: observations.maq@wur.nl

WUR Amsterdam urban meteorological and flux observations

2026-04-30T13:54:53Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Amsterdam urban meteorological and flux observations
|description=The Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite (AAMS) contains an eddy covariance flux tower measuring turbulent fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat (evapotranspiration), CO2 and methane, and contains a scintillometer as well. Moreover, we measure up- and downwelling components of the solar and thermal radiation. The data documentation such as stream names, units and instrument type of the Veenkampen can be found in the Excelsheet at the website of https://maq-observations.nl/.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=WUR Dataportal
|landingPage=https://maq-observations.nl/
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104984
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Bert Heusinkveld
|creator=Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Bert Heusinkveld
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Amsterdam, WUR, urban flux observations, urban meteorological observations, near-real time obervations
|atLocation=Amsterdam
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.3665N, 4.8929E
|startDate=2020-10-13
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
Amsterdam, as the capital of the Netherlands, is a hotspot of population density, industrialization, culture and innovation. The city contains a mix of quarters, ranging from historical to young, high-rise to extensive, build up to green in which people live, work and leisure.

In Amsterdam we study the urban climate and how people experience it. The city is often warmer (the urban heat island effect) and winds around buildings can be gusty. Vegetation, green roofs and street design affect the city’s climate.

The Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite (AAMS) is run by MAQ at Wageningen University in collaboration with the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions, the Municipality of Amsterdam, and the I-Change project.

WUR near-real-time CO2 fluxes from CarbonTracker CTE-HR system

2026-04-30T13:54:11Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=Near-real-time CO2 fluxes from CarbonTracker Europe for high-resolution atmospheric modeling
|description=Carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange over Europe at high resolution (0.1 × 0.2∘) and in near real time (about 2 months' latency) was estimated with the CarbonTracker Europe High-Resolution (CTE-HR) system. The modelled CTE-HR CO2 fluxes matched mole fraction observations at Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) sites across Europe after atmospheric transport with the Transport Model, version 5 (TM5) and the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT), driven by ECMWF-IFS, and captured the magnitude and variability of measured CO2 fluxes in the city center of Amsterdam (the Netherlands). Details of this dataset is described in detail in: van der Woude et al., Near-real-time CO2 fluxes from CarbonTracker Europe for high-resolution atmospheric modeling, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15,, 579–605, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-579-2023, 2023.
|type=Model Data
|dataLevel=Level 2
|format=netCDF
|servedBy=ICOS Data Portal
|landingPage=https://meta.icos-cp.eu/collections/eYon6MHJzqm6Pdo7HEupIaxt
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.18160/20Z1-AYJ2
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Auke van der Woude
|creator=Auke van der Woude
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Near-real-time CO2 fluxes, CarbonTracker, Europe, Europe, High-resolution
|atLocation=Europe
|startDate=2016-12-31
|endDate=2024-09-28
}}
The observations of the Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite is involved in the Ruisdael observatory, which has been financially supported by the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions (AMS Institute) under project VIR16002.

WUR Loobos meteorological and air quality observations

2026-04-30T13:43:55Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Loobos meteorological and air quality observations
|description=A 36 m tall tower is built at the site in 2021, hosting eddy covariance instruments (CO2, heat, evaporation, Volatile Organic Compounds), radiation instruments, profiles of temperature, water vapour, CO2, wind speed. Soil temperature, moisture and heat flux and water table depth measurements are collected around the tower. The data documentation such as stream names, units and instrument type of the Veenkampen can be found in the Excelsheet at the website of https://maq-observations.nl/.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=ICOS Data Portal, WUR Dataportal
|landingPage=https://maq-observations.nl/
|identifier=https://maq-observations.nl/
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen
|creator=Michiel van der Molen
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Meteorology, Air Quality, near-real time obervations, Loobos, temperate forest
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.166581N, 5.743556E
|startDate=1995-01-04
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
Loobos is located in a Pine forest the Veluwe natural park, one of the largest European natural areas. Pine are the dominant species in the Veluwe. Hence Loobos is representative for a much larger acreage. The site was first established in 1995 and was home to one of the 3 first ecosystem flux sites globally. In 2021 a new tower was built and equipped.

The research at Loobos aims at understanding the role of the ecosystem in the carbon and water cycle. As the forest, planted in the 1910’s, grows, it takes up CO2 from the atmosphere. This is an important feedback to climate change. But the amount of uptake depends on availability of water, temperature, radiation and air quality. Hence it is a very dynamic system, which we try to understand and predict.

The research is done by MAQ at Wageningen University with Utrecht and Delft University as partners via the Ruisdael Observatory. Forest research is done by other groups in Wageningen as well, e.g. the GIS and Remote Sensing group collects LIDAR measurements of ecosystem geometry. We welcome other experimental groups and campaigns.

ata from the original Loobos site (1995 – 2021) is not available in the database and is available upon request via observations.maq@wur.nl.

WUR Loobos ecosystem historical data

2026-04-30T13:42:17Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR The Loobos ecosystem historical dataset: meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange
|description=This is a 25 years (1996-2021) observational dataset of meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange collected from the first tower at the Loobos site, the Netherlands (NL). The presented dataset contains six data streams, namely (1) the NL-Loo_BM stream including meteorological data: four-component radiation (radiation balance), air temperature and relative humidity, wind information, precipitation and throughfall, photosynthetic active radiation, bole temperature and soil heat flux), (2) the NL-Loo_Profile stream containing vertical profiles of CO₂ mole fraction, H₂O pressure, air temperature and relative humidity, (3) the NL-Loo_ST stream derived from the aforementioned two streams including total stored heat flux, H₂O and CO₂ fluxes below the canopy, (4) the NL-Loo_EC stream including EC measurements of CO₂ flux, sensible heat and latent heat fluxes, (5) the NL-Loo_Soil stream including vertical profiles of soil moisture and temperature and ground water level data, and (6) ancillary data including soil respiration, vegetation properties (i.e., tree height, stem width and dry aboveground biomass, Leaf Area Index, sap flow, needle foliage properties and the associated nutrient analysis) and ground water level. The data quality of these data streams is assured through standard operating procedures.

The data description paper can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2023-2026.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/15721310
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen
|creator=Hong Zhao
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Meteorology, turbulent fluxes, net ecosystem exchange, Loobos, Loobos, long-term observations
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.16653N, 5.74361E
|startDate=1994-12-31
|endDate=2023-05-08
}}
In 1995, a tower was built in the Loobos forest area in the Netherlands to measure water, heat and momentum fluxes for investigating forest evapotranspiration using the eddy covariance method. Following the Kyoto negotiations, which sought to operationalize the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committing industrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol, last access: 15 December 2024). One of the key questions raised by the Kyoto Protocol was how to calculate the changes in carbon stocks associated with land use changes and forestry activity (Igbp Terrestrial Carbon Working Group, 1998). This required to also observe the carbon dioxide (CO2) balance for forest ecosystems (Valentini, 2000). Consequently, since 1996, CO2 flux measurements have been conducted in Loobos, which subsequently became one of the 17 first FLUXNET sites globally (https://fluxnet.org/data/la-thuile-dataset/lathuile-data-summary/, last access: 15 December 2024).

WUR CarbonTracker Europe CTE2024 fluxes

2026-04-30T13:38:36Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=CarbonTracker Europe CTE2024 fluxes
|description=This collection contains monthly and annual mean fluxes between 2001-2023 for the various components of the CarbonTracker Europe data assimilation system, for the inversions performed for the GCB2024.

Prior biosphere fluxes are calculated using the SiB4 model (Haynes et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001540). Prior ocean fluxes are taken from Jena Carboscope v2023 (Roedenbeck et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-193-2013). Imposed fire fluxes are taken from GFAS (di Giuseppe et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5359-2018). Imposed fossil fuel fluxes are taken from GridFED v2024.0 (Jones et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00779-6).

Please cite the paper of Friedlingstein et al., (2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-519) for the fluxes used. Please cite the paper of van der Laan-Luijkx et al., (2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017) for the data assimilation system used.
|type=Model Data
|dataLevel=Level 2
|format=netCDF
|servedBy=ICOS Data Portal
|landingPage=https://meta.icos-cp.eu/collections/z1JKcm6FOJ1tZBa-edspVz-b
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017; https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-519
|contactPoint=Ingrid Luijkx
|creator=Ingrid Luijkx
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=CarbonTracker, Europe, CTE2024 fluxes, monthly mean flux, annually mean flux, data assimilation system, Inversions
|atLocation=Europe
|startDate=2001-07-01
|endDate=2023-07-01
}}
This work is partly supported by Ruisdael funding.

WUR atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 dataset over a tropical and a temperate forest

2026-04-30T13:34:09Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 dataset over a tropical and a temperate forest
|description=These are the datasets of the campaigns from CloudRoots and Loobos used in the paper titled 'Tracing diurnal variations of atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 over a tropical and a temperate forest'.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/14049337
|identifier=https://zenodo.org/records/14049337
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Kim Faassen
|creator=Kim Faassen
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=O2, Atmospheric CO2, Loobos, temperate forest, δ13CO2
|atLocation=Loobos and ATTO rainforest
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.1664 N, 5.7436 E
|startDate=2022-05-17
|endDate=2022-08-18
}}
'''Note''': the coordinates for the ATTO site in the Amazon forest are: 2.1819 S, 59.0217 W

The datasets of the campaigns were used in the paper titled "Tracing diurnal variations of atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 over a tropical and a temperate forest" by Faassen and can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL118016

WUR atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 dataset over a tropical and a temperate forest

2026-04-30T13:31:51Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 dataset over a tropical and a temperate forest
|description=These are the datasets of the campaigns from CloudRoots and Loobos used in the paper titled 'Tracing diurnal variations of atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 over a tropical and a temperate forest'.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/14049337
|identifier=https://zenodo.org/records/14049337
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Kim Faassen
|creator=Kim Faassen
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Atmospheric CO2, O2, δ13CO2, Loobos, temperate forest
|atLocation=Loobos and ATTO rainforest
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.1664 N, 5.7436 E
|startDate=2022-05-17
|endDate=2022-08-18
}}

'''Note''': the coordinates for the ATTO site in the Amazon forest are: 2.1819 S, 59.0217 W

WUR Amsterdam urban meteorological and flux observations

2026-04-30T13:25:31Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR Amsterdam urban meteorological and flux observations
|description=The Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite (AAMS) contains an eddy covariance flux tower measuring turbulent fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat (evapotranspiration), CO2 and methane, and contains a scintillometer as well. Moreover, we measure up- and downwelling components of the solar and thermal radiation. The data documentation such as stream names, units and instrument type of the Veenkampen can be found in the Excelsheet at the website of https://maq-observations.nl/.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=CSV
|servedBy=WUR Dataportal
|landingPage=https://maq-observations.nl/
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104984
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Bert Heusinkveld
|creator=Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Bert Heusinkveld
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=urban meteorological observations, urban flux observations, Amsterdam, WUR
|atLocation=Amsterdam
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.3665N, 4.8929E
|startDate=2020-10-13
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}
Amsterdam, as the capital of the Netherlands, is a hotspot of population density, industrialization, culture and innovation. The city contains a mix of quarters, ranging from historical to young, high-rise to extensive, build up to green in which people live, work and leisure.

In Amsterdam we study the urban climate and how people experience it. The city is often warmer (the urban heat island effect) and winds around buildings can be gusty. Vegetation, green roofs and street design affect the city’s climate.

The Amsterdam Atmospheric Monitoring Supersite (AAMS) is run by MAQ at Wageningen University in collaboration with the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions, the Municipality of Amsterdam, and the I-Change project.

WUR 1HZ solar irradiance observations at Cabauw

2026-04-30T13:22:24Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR ten-year 1HZ solar irradiance observations at Cabauw
|description=10 years of global, direct, and diffuse solar irradiance sampled at 1 Hz as well as fully resolved variability until at least 0.1 Hz from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) station at Cabauw.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=netCDF
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/7093164
|identifier=https://zenodo.org/records/7093164
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Wouter Mol
|creator=Wouter Mol
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=direct solar irradiance, diffuse solar irradiance, global solar irradiance, 1Hz, baseline surface radiation network, Cabauw, long-term observational datasets
|atLocation=Cabauw
|hasGeographicCoordinates=51.9695N, 4.9269E
|hasElevation=0
|startDate=2011-09-28
|endDate=2020-12-31
}}
Surface solar irradiance varies on scales down to seconds, and detailed long-term observational datasets of this variable are rare but in high demand.

The presented dataset is complemented with irradiance variability classifications, clear-sky irradiance and aerosol reanalysis, information about the solar position, observations of clouds and sky type, and wind measurements up to 200 m above ground level.

The data description paper can be found at https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2139-2023

RITA22 - UUAQ-WUR Mobile Measurements

2026-04-30T13:17:22Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=RITA22 - UUAQ-WUR Mobile Measurements
|description=Mobile measurements of several air pollutants made by a car in and around the city of Rotterdam during the RIT22 campaign.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Pascale Ooms
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Air pollutants, RIT22 campaign, Rotterdam, mobile measurements
|atLocation=Rotterdam
|startDate=2022-08-22
|endDate=2022-09-09
}}
This dataset is currently not publicly available, subject to data privacy and credential requirements.

RITA22 - UUAQ-WUR Mobile Measurements

2026-04-30T13:15:44Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=RITA22 - UUAQ-WUR Mobile Measurements
|description=Mobile measurements of several air pollutants made by a car in and around the city of Rotterdam during the RIT22 campaign.
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Pascale Ooms
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=Air pollutants, mobile measurements, Rotterdam, RIT22 campaign
|atLocation=Rotterdam
|startDate=2022-08-22
|endDate=2022-09-09
}}
This dataset is currently not publicly available, subject to data privacy and credential requirements.

PH-WUR aircraft measurements

2026-04-30T13:02:32Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR PH-WUR aircraft measurements
|description=Ruisdael Loobos campaign, May 2022
|type=In-situ Observation
|dataLevel=Level 1
|format=netCDF
|license=CC BY-NC 4.0
|contactPoint=Ronald Hutjes
|creator=Ronald Hutjes
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=aircraft measurements, flux divergence, vertical profiles of flux, vertical profiles of meteorological variables
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.15 N, 5.90 E
|hasElevation=70-2000m
|startDate=2022-05-17
|endDate=2022-05-18
}}
Flight pattern optimized for flux divergence analysis: stacked crosswind transects at nominally 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 6000 ft altitude
about 8 km downwind of Loobos forest site

Both 17 and 18 May two flights daily at 8UTC and 14 UTC approx.

WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites

2025-09-11T12:37:29Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites to WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site

#REDIRECT [[WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site]]

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2025-09-11T12:37:28Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites to WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth and a long path instrumentation.

WUR is processing scintillimeter raw data. The expected available data will be latent and heat fluxes.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}

KNMI-WUR scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites

2025-09-11T12:36:46Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page KNMI-WUR scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites to WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites

#REDIRECT [[WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites]]

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2025-09-11T12:36:46Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page KNMI-WUR scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites to WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth and a long path instrumentation.

WUR is processing scintillimeter raw data. The expected available data will be latent and heat fluxes.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2025-09-11T12:36:16Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR-KNMI scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw site
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at Cabauw site with a short parth and a long path instrumentation.

WUR is processing scintillimeter raw data. The expected available data will be latent and heat fluxes.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}

WUR scintillometer measurements at Cabauw site

2025-09-09T13:43:12Z

Hong Zhao: Created page with "{{Dataset |title=KNMI-WUR scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites |description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted a..."

{{Dataset
|title=KNMI-WUR scintillimeter measurements at Cabauw and Amsterdam sites
|description=The MicroWave Scintillometer (MWS) PRG-MWSC-160 is combined with an optical Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) in the near infrared spectral region to simultaneously observe sensible and latent heat fluxes. The measurements are significant for applications in radiation budget studies, weather forecasting, irrigation and water management. The OMS measurements are conducted at three sites, namely CABAUW_IJsselstein with a long path, CABAUW_RS with a short path and AMSTERDAM.

WUR is processing scintillimeter raw data. The expected available data will be latent and heat fluxes.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=csv
|contactPoint=Hong Zhao, Oscar Hartogensis, Reinder Ronda
|creator=Oscar Hartogensis
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|hasKeywords=scintillimeter, turbulent fluxes
|atLocation=Cabauw
|startDate=2021-05-01
|endDate=2030-01-01
}}

WUR CarbonTracker Europe CTE2024 fluxes

2025-07-09T13:57:05Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=CarbonTracker Europe CTE2024 fluxes
|description=This collection contains monthly and annual mean fluxes between 2001-2023 for the various components of the CarbonTracker Europe data assimilation system, for the inversions performed for the GCB2024.

Prior biosphere fluxes are calculated using the SiB4 model (Haynes et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001540). Prior ocean fluxes are taken from Jena Carboscope v2023 (Roedenbeck et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-193-2013). Imposed fire fluxes are taken from GFAS (di Giuseppe et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5359-2018). Imposed fossil fuel fluxes are taken from GridFED v2024.0 (Jones et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00779-6).

Please cite the paper of Friedlingstein et al., (2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-519) for the fluxes used. Please cite the paper of van der Laan-Luijkx et al., (2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017) for the data assimilation system used.
|type=Model Data
|format=netCDF
|servedBy=ICOS Data Portal
|landingPage=https://meta.icos-cp.eu/collections/z1JKcm6FOJ1tZBa-edspVz-b
|identifier=https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017; https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-519
|contactPoint=Ingrid Luijkx
|creator=Ingrid Luijkx
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|atLocation=Europe
|startDate=2001-07-01
|endDate=2023-07-01
}}
This work is partly supported by Ruisdael funding.

Loobos

2025-07-09T13:55:12Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Campaign
|title=Loobos
|description=A field campaign on 17–18 May 2022 was spanned through three sites in the Netherlands, cabauw (grassland), Loobos (forest) and Veenkampen (grassland). These locations form a triangle that captures the diversity of land cover and surface-atmosphere interactions in the Dutch landscape. The campaign collected a rich dataset — from surface flux towers and ground-based sensors to radiosondes and aircraft measurements. The collected real-world observations were compared against simulations from six different atmospheric models.
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.1664N, 5.7436E
|startDate=2022-05-15
|endDate=2022-05-16
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/14049337
|hasParticipant=Wageningen University
|contributesTo=PH-WUR aircraft measurements, WUR atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 dataset over a tropical and a temperate forest, WUR Loobos ecosystem historical data
}}

WUR Loobos ecosystem historical data

2025-07-09T13:53:15Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR The Loobos ecosystem historical dataset: meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange
|description=This is a 25 years (1996-2021) observational dataset of meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange collected from the first tower at the Loobos site, the Netherlands (NL). The presented dataset contains six data streams, namely (1) the NL-Loo_BM stream including meteorological data: four-component radiation (radiation balance), air temperature and relative humidity, wind information, precipitation and throughfall, photosynthetic active radiation, bole temperature and soil heat flux), (2) the NL-Loo_Profile stream containing vertical profiles of CO₂ mole fraction, H₂O pressure, air temperature and relative humidity, (3) the NL-Loo_ST stream derived from the aforementioned two streams including total stored heat flux, H₂O and CO₂ fluxes below the canopy, (4) the NL-Loo_EC stream including EC measurements of CO₂ flux, sensible heat and latent heat fluxes, (5) the NL-Loo_Soil stream including vertical profiles of soil moisture and temperature and ground water level data, and (6) ancillary data including soil respiration, vegetation properties (i.e., tree height, stem width and dry aboveground biomass, Leaf Area Index, sap flow, needle foliage properties and the associated nutrient analysis) and ground water level. The data quality of these data streams is assured through standard operating procedures.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=CSV
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/15721310
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen
|creator=Hong Zhao
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.16653N, 5.74361E
|startDate=1994-12-31 00:00:00
|endDate=2023-5-8
}}
In 1995, a tower was built in the Loobos forest area in the Netherlands to measure water, heat and momentum fluxes for investigating forest evapotranspiration using the eddy covariance method. Following the Kyoto negotiations, which sought to operationalize the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committing industrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol, last access: 15 December 2024). One of the key questions raised by the Kyoto Protocol was how to calculate the changes in carbon stocks associated with land use changes and forestry activity (Igbp Terrestrial Carbon Working Group, 1998). This required to also observe the carbon dioxide (CO2) balance for forest ecosystems (Valentini, 2000). Consequently, since 1996, CO2 flux measurements have been conducted in Loobos, which subsequently became one of the 17 first FLUXNET sites globally (https://fluxnet.org/data/la-thuile-dataset/lathuile-data-summary/, last access: 15 December 2024).

WUR Loobos ecosystem historical data

2025-07-09T13:51:08Z

Hong Zhao: Hong Zhao moved page WUR Loobos ecosystem first tower dataset (1996 to 2021) to WUR Loobos ecosystem historical data without leaving a redirect

{{Dataset
|title=WUR The Loobos ecosystem historical dataset: meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange
|description=This is a 25 years (1996-2021) observational dataset of meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange collected from the first tower at the Loobos site, the Netherlands (NL). The presented dataset contains six data streams, namely (1) the NL-Loo_BM stream including meteorological data: four-component radiation (radiation balance), air temperature and relative humidity, wind information, precipitation and throughfall, photosynthetic active radiation, bole temperature and soil heat flux), (2) the NL-Loo_Profile stream containing vertical profiles of CO₂ mole fraction, H₂O pressure, air temperature and relative humidity, (3) the NL-Loo_ST stream derived from the aforementioned two streams including total stored heat flux, H₂O and CO₂ fluxes below the canopy, (4) the NL-Loo_EC stream including EC measurements of CO₂ flux, sensible heat and latent heat fluxes, (5) the NL-Loo_Soil stream including vertical profiles of soil moisture and temperature and ground water level data, and (6) ancillary data including soil respiration, vegetation properties (i.e., tree height, stem width and dry aboveground biomass, Leaf Area Index, sap flow, needle foliage properties and the associated nutrient analysis) and ground water level. The data quality of these data streams is assured through standard operating procedures.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=CSV
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/15721310
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen
|creator=Hong Zhao
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.16653N, 5.74361E
|startDate=1995-1-1
|endDate=2023-5-9
}}
In 1995, a tower was built in the Loobos forest area in the Netherlands to measure water, heat and momentum fluxes for investigating forest evapotranspiration using the eddy covariance method. Following the Kyoto negotiations, which sought to operationalize the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committing industrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol, last access: 15 December 2024). One of the key questions raised by the Kyoto Protocol was how to calculate the changes in carbon stocks associated with land use changes and forestry activity (Igbp Terrestrial Carbon Working Group, 1998). This required to also observe the carbon dioxide (CO2) balance for forest ecosystems (Valentini, 2000). Consequently, since 1996, CO2 flux measurements have been conducted in Loobos, which subsequently became one of the 17 first FLUXNET sites globally (https://fluxnet.org/data/la-thuile-dataset/lathuile-data-summary/, last access: 15 December 2024).

WUR Loobos ecosystem historical data

2025-07-09T13:51:07Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR The Loobos ecosystem historical dataset: meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange
|description=This is a 25 years (1996-2021) observational dataset of meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange collected from the first tower at the Loobos site, the Netherlands (NL). The presented dataset contains six data streams, namely (1) the NL-Loo_BM stream including meteorological data: four-component radiation (radiation balance), air temperature and relative humidity, wind information, precipitation and throughfall, photosynthetic active radiation, bole temperature and soil heat flux), (2) the NL-Loo_Profile stream containing vertical profiles of CO₂ mole fraction, H₂O pressure, air temperature and relative humidity, (3) the NL-Loo_ST stream derived from the aforementioned two streams including total stored heat flux, H₂O and CO₂ fluxes below the canopy, (4) the NL-Loo_EC stream including EC measurements of CO₂ flux, sensible heat and latent heat fluxes, (5) the NL-Loo_Soil stream including vertical profiles of soil moisture and temperature and ground water level data, and (6) ancillary data including soil respiration, vegetation properties (i.e., tree height, stem width and dry aboveground biomass, Leaf Area Index, sap flow, needle foliage properties and the associated nutrient analysis) and ground water level. The data quality of these data streams is assured through standard operating procedures.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=CSV
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/15721310
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen
|creator=Hong Zhao
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.16653N, 5.74361E
|startDate=1995-1-1
|endDate=2023-5-9
}}
In 1995, a tower was built in the Loobos forest area in the Netherlands to measure water, heat and momentum fluxes for investigating forest evapotranspiration using the eddy covariance method. Following the Kyoto negotiations, which sought to operationalize the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committing industrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol, last access: 15 December 2024). One of the key questions raised by the Kyoto Protocol was how to calculate the changes in carbon stocks associated with land use changes and forestry activity (Igbp Terrestrial Carbon Working Group, 1998). This required to also observe the carbon dioxide (CO2) balance for forest ecosystems (Valentini, 2000). Consequently, since 1996, CO2 flux measurements have been conducted in Loobos, which subsequently became one of the 17 first FLUXNET sites globally (https://fluxnet.org/data/la-thuile-dataset/lathuile-data-summary/, last access: 15 December 2024).

Loobos

2025-07-09T13:48:45Z

Hong Zhao:

Loobos

2025-07-09T13:47:26Z

Hong Zhao:

Loobos

2025-07-09T13:44:54Z

Hong Zhao:

PH-WUR aircraft measurements

2025-07-09T13:30:10Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR PH-WUR aircraft measurements
|description=Ruisdael Loobos campaign, May 2022
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=netCDF
|license=CC BY-NC 4.0
|contactPoint=Ronald Hutjes
|creator=Ronald Hutjes
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.15 N, 5.90 E
|hasElevation=70-2000m
|startDate=2022-05-17
|endDate=2022-05-18
}}
Flight pattern optimized for flux divergence analysis: stacked crosswind transects at nominally 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 6000 ft altitude
about 8 km downwind of Loobos forest site

Both 17 and 18 May two flights daily at 8UTC and 14 UTC approx.

Loobos

2025-07-09T13:28:45Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Campaign
|title=Loobos
|description=Tracing diurnal variations of atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.1664N, 5.7436E
|startDate=2022-05-15
|endDate=2022-05-16
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/14049337
|hasParticipant=Wageningen University
|contributesTo=WUR atmospheric CO2, O2 and δ13CO2 dataset over a tropical and a temperate forest, PH-WUR aircraft measurements
}}

WUR Loobos ecosystem historical data

2025-07-09T13:25:58Z

Hong Zhao:

{{Dataset
|title=WUR The Loobos ecosystem first tower dataset: meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange (1996 to 2021)
|description=This is a 25 years (1996-2021) observational dataset of meteorology, turbulent fluxes and net ecosystem exchange collected from the first tower at the Loobos site, the Netherlands (NL). The presented dataset contains six data streams, namely (1) the NL-Loo_BM stream including meteorological data: four-component radiation (radiation balance), air temperature and relative humidity, wind information, precipitation and throughfall, photosynthetic active radiation, bole temperature and soil heat flux), (2) the NL-Loo_Profile stream containing vertical profiles of CO₂ mole fraction, H₂O pressure, air temperature and relative humidity, (3) the NL-Loo_ST stream derived from the aforementioned two streams including total stored heat flux, H₂O and CO₂ fluxes below the canopy, (4) the NL-Loo_EC stream including EC measurements of CO₂ flux, sensible heat and latent heat fluxes, (5) the NL-Loo_Soil stream including vertical profiles of soil moisture and temperature and ground water level data, and (6) ancillary data including soil respiration, vegetation properties (i.e., tree height, stem width and dry aboveground biomass, Leaf Area Index, sap flow, needle foliage properties and the associated nutrient analysis) and ground water level. The data quality of these data streams is assured through standard operating procedures.
|type=In-situ Observation
|format=CSV
|servedBy=Zenodo
|landingPage=https://zenodo.org/records/15721310
|license=CC BY 4.0
|contactPoint=Michiel van der Molen
|creator=Hong Zhao
|creator_organization=Wageningen University
|atLocation=Loobos
|hasGeographicCoordinates=52.16653N, 5.74361E
|startDate=1995-01-01
|endDate=2023-05-09
}}
In 1995, a tower was built in the Loobos forest area in the Netherlands to measure water, heat and momentum fluxes for investigating forest evapotranspiration using the eddy covariance method. Following the Kyoto negotiations, which sought to operationalize the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committing industrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol, last access: 15 December 2024). One of the key questions raised by the Kyoto Protocol was how to calculate the changes in carbon stocks associated with land use changes and forestry activity (Igbp Terrestrial Carbon Working Group, 1998). This required to also observe the carbon dioxide (CO2) balance for forest ecosystems (Valentini, 2000). Consequently, since 1996, CO2 flux measurements have been conducted in Loobos, which subsequently became one of the 17 first FLUXNET sites globally (https://fluxnet.org/data/la-thuile-dataset/lathuile-data-summary/, last access: 15 December 2024).